Form scaffold-inspection-report-tube-fitting-scaffolds, Construction safety pocket guide osha3252, Why osha scaffold safety training matters scaffold dos and donts, Construction Safety Training_Session 05_Access Equipment and Fall Protection, Safety practice ( SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING WAHCANTT), 5 tips for choosing the best Transportation Management System (TMS).pdf, Tetrahydrocurcumin vs Curcumin What Are The Differences.pdf, 5 Tips on Tenant Referencing for a Speedy Process.pdf, Target And Clinical Trial Progress of ADC In prostate Cancer.pdf, NewBase 02 March -2023 Energy News issue - 1598 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf, SEAI Business Decarbonisation Supports SSRH and EXEED Schemes launch, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size of the rope used. Two-point scaffolds shall not be bridged or otherwise connected one to another during raising and lowering operations unless the bridge connections are articulated (attached), and the hoists properly sized. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. sawhorses; others are much more complex, such as the scaffolds erected hundreds of Nothing should lean in any direction. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Supports for platforms shall be attached directly to the support stirrup and not to any other platform. The inboard end of outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme point of anchorage, shall be not less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 When nails are not used, brackets shall be secured in place with first-grade manila rope of at least three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter, or equivalent. When guardrails are used for fall protection, a workbench may be used as the toprail only if it meets all the requirements in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii), (vii), (viii), and (xiii) of 1926.451. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. Special operations and avoidance techniques improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. Scaffold support beams shall be installed on edge. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. Suspension ropes and cables shall be connected to the overhead supporting members by shackles, clips, thimbles, or other means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . To prevent their displacement, platform units shall be nailed, bolted, or otherwise secured to outriggers. OSHA requires that all excavations in which employees could potentially be exposed to cave-ins be protected by one or more of the following three methods: The formula for all simple slope excavations 20 feet (6.11 meters) or less deep states that for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back: Trench boxes or shields must be designed or approved by: Shoring or shielding is most often used when: The location or the depth of the excavation makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work SCAFFOLDS MUST BE ERECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DESIGN AND/OR MANUFACTURERS' RECOMMENDATIONS. what to do and when to do it can save lives. Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. Pump jack brackets, braces, and accessories shall be fabricated from metal plates and angles. . (b) Tube and Coupler Scaffolds. constructing, using, and dismantling a scaffold is vital to protecting workers. All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, shall be attached to the supporting formwork or structure by means of one or more of the following: nails; a metal stud attachment device; welding; hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form wales either bolted to the form or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form and securely anchored; or, for carpenters' bracket scaffolds only, by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure's wall. Caster stems and wheel stems shall be pinned or otherwise secured in scaffold legs or adjustment screws. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). A thorough understanding of all aspects of Before a scaffold is moved, each employee on the scaffold shall be made aware of the move. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. The original scaffold layout is still feasible. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained in plumb. Brackets (including those provided with pointed metal projections) shall be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. (Hold the cups up to your cheeks to tell.) Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. A supported scaffolding height-to-base ratio of . Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Diagonal bracing in both directions shall be installed across the entire outside face of all double- and single-pole scaffolds. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. A scaffold should always be erected: Choose one answer. Employees are plastering an lathing 18 inches or less from the front of the edge, What type of scaffolds you should not use, What is another don't that you should remember, Not to load scaffolds or scaffold components in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, which ever is less, OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: when an employer gas reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall, Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained, Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by, What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold- is ideal for use around complex structures, This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in, If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and or personal fall arrest systems(PFAS).The type of fall protection required will depend upon, Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel shall be placed so that the web section is vertical. Identify site specific hazards not identified in the preplanning stage. Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. In general, head protection should do which of the following? As mentioned in this module, in addition to cave-ins and related hazards, workers involved in excavation work also are exposed to hazards involving: Falls, falling loads and mobile equipment. Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. The following examp le is based on building a scaffold that is 2.1 x 1.5 m (7 x 5 ft.) x 1 frame high. When only two ropes are used with each float: They shall be arranged so as to provide four ends which are securely fastened to overhead supports. Bracing shall be installed as close as possible to the intersection of the bearer and post or runner and post. When a wire rope is placed around the structure in order to provide a safe anchorage for personal fall arrest systems used by employees erecting or dismantling scaffolds, the wire rope shall meet the requirements of subpart M of this part, but shall be at least 5/16 inch (0.8 cm) in diameter. Outrigger beams shall be secured in place against movement, and shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point against tipping. Cross-bracing is required on both front and back sides of each scaffold buck or frame. and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. a. Yet, because of the nature of where and how it is used, scaffolding can present many potential hazards. Wire ropes shall not be tightened to the extent that the application of a scaffold load will overstress them. DO NOT ERECT, DISMANTLE OR ALTER A SCAFFOLD unless under the supervision of a qualified person. A good time to perform these inspections is at the start of the workday to ensure the area is clear for that day's shift. What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. Upon completion of the lesson, participants will be able to: Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Platforms shall not exceed a height of 20 feet (6.1 m). The scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with OSHA regulations. Every element of your orientation must be exact. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. Folding type metal brackets, when extended for use, shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin. The use of safe lifting postures and timing Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. B. proper measures to protect against or prevent accidents and injuries. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesnt contain silica. C. Workplace and engineering controls c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. Each has D. All of the above. which of the following statements is false? U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Prevent An Expressway Emergency By Merging Without _____. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. of first grade manila rope. Safe access above 2 feet. Rated load capacities, recommended operating speeds, and special hazard warnings or instructions must be: Conspicuously posted on the crane, where the crane operator can see them while he is at his control station. Place suitable sills and make sure there are no holes under the sills. Your IP: 143.244.138.144, Requested URL: www.concreteconstruction.net/_view-object?id=00000154-24cb-db06-a1fe-77cb16a60000, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36. Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before leaving a work area Name the three types of scaffolds and describe their main characteristics And workers must be trained by a qualified person before they use the scaffold. Tap here to review the details. Any alteration of the original equipment shall be approved by the manufacturer. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: A. The use of gray cast iron is prohibited. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). Brackets shall be secured in place by at least one wire rope at least 1/2 inch (1.27 cm) in diameter. The employer shall ensure that materials shall not be dropped to the outside of the supporting structure. When two or more scaffolds are used they shall not be bridged one to another unless they are designed to be bridged, the bridge connections are articulated, and the hoists are properly sized. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. 2. C. Both A and B This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to sit in. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. You can read the details below. Runners shall be erected along the length of . When horses are arranged in tiers, each tier shall be crossbraced. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. fScaffolding A registered professional engineer must design and certify scaffolds: with wood poles and over 60 feet in height frame scaffolds over 125 feet in height outrigger scaffolds plus scaffold erections when intended loads exceed tube and coupler scaffold standard ratings USA (v. 2008) fTypes of Scaffolds USA (v. 2008) fSupported Scaffolds . Hard hats must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling or using scaffolding. A. Erecting Scaffolding Safely. scaffold falls, 4,500 injuries and 50 deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. Warped. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Where leveling of the scaffold is necessary, screw jacks or equivalent means shall be used. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Use of fall protection above 10 feet. uses. Note: Except where . a. Subscripts in the reactants must be conserved in the products. Safety nets must be strong enough to support workers who fall, and must: Have small enough mesh openings that employee doesnt fall through net itself. Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. B. Catenary Scoffold. When wood poles are constructed of two continuous lengths, they shall be joined together with the seam parallel to the bracket. Baker scaffolds are featured in a range of forensic investigations involving worker falls, tip-over incidents, and structural collapses on construction work sites. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds Personal Fall Arrest System. Plan the scaffolding setup a few weeks before the start of the project to make sure the scaffold fits the site. 1. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. The platform shall be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts or by other means which satisfy the requirements of 1926.451(a). Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. The bottom runners and bearers shall be located as close to the base as possible. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. Found a mistake? Scaffolds are plumb, square, level and situated on base . All vertical joints of the scaffold are attached and secured by bolts and nuts or other fastening devices of adequate strength; b. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. Float Scaffold. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process? The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. each of the hazards. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. Apr. Employees working in the vicinity of a crane must take care to avoid what kind of accident? Scaffolds shall not exceed three tiers in height, and shall be so constructed and arranged that one square rests directly above the other. All brace connections shall be secured. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. Which of these is required if the workers body, hands or clothing may come into contact with moving parts? Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Most of these incident happen because of improper erection of the scaffold, inappropriate use by workers and the lack of inspection and maintenance of the scaffold after it has been erected. 2. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Scaffolds shall be equipped with additional independent support lines, equal in number to the number of points supported, and of equivalent strength to the suspension ropes, and rigged to support the scaffold in the event the suspension rope(s) fail. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Scaffolds shall be stabilized to prevent tipping during movement. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. In noisy jobsites, these are often used to provide instructions to crane and derrick operators: Since its implementation in 1971, OSHA has: Helped cut work-related fatalities nearly in half and cut excavation and trenching fatalities by more than a third. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. work on scaffolds frequently. Crawling Board. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be reeved through four corner holes in the seat; shall cross each other on the underside of the seat; and shall be rigged so as to prevent slippage which could cause an out-of-level condition. Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. Scaffolds shall be used only for the purpose of working at the window opening through which the jack is placed. When only a part of the width of the metal scaffold frame conforms to ladder spacing, then these frames must be erected in a manner that makes a continuous ladder bottom to top, with ladder sides of the frames in a vertical line. The blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. Frequently used types of scaffolds include the Click here to review the details. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly Cloudflare is currently unable to resolve your requested domain. Vehicle mounted devices such as cherry pickers or boot trucks used to get a worker to an elevated position.