It is based on these contrasting aspects that this paper will examine both figures and attempt to determine what the . the walk talks about the jewels encrusted on Lindau gospel book covers. Male: This idea of reviving The text may well be the Gospel book commissioned by Hartmut, Abbot of St Gall between 872-883, which is a plausible date for the text. It also makes the nave appear taller than it is. The creation of Adam, then Eve, and the serpent's temptation of Eve are to the right. The Lindau Gospels are a collection of gospels written by a group of people The Four Gospels finished with a flamboyant cover. wonderful gold setting. Clearly all of the emphasis The sculptor also set the holy figures' arms in motion. The cover may have been made in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis. Fashioned in one of the workshops of Charles the Bald's court, is monumental in conception. Front cover of the Lindau Gospels, made in France, ca. He traples a lion and dragon symbolizing the evil forces in the world. Does this represent the four gospels or their writers, or is it just a coincidence? The innovative architectural device that made this possible was the flying buttress, an external buttress that springs from the lower roofs over the aisles and ambulatory and counters the outward thrust of the nave vaults. Lindau Gospels cover by Dr. Nancy Ross and Dr. Steven Zucker Jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels, c. 880, Court School of Charles the Bald, 350 x 275 mm, cover may have been made in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis (Morgan Library and Museum, New York) Smarthistory images for teaching and learning: More Smarthistory images Why did he choose this particular ruler? Jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels, c. 880, Court School of Charles the Bald, 350 275 mm, (Morgan Library and Museum, New York). Male: It's interesting that Constantine, a great Roman emperor, but also the first Or they co, Posted 6 years ago. The saint wears a collar of jewels and enamel plaques around the neck. Or they could be someone else. to revive that style and they're trying to Typically English in its long, slender proportions. Much ink has been spilt in trying to locate these stylistically related ateliers, a question particularly difficult to answer for the age of itinerant courts: St. Denis, where Charles was secular abbot from 867 to his death, has frequently been suggested. The cathedral's campanile, detached in the standard Italian fashion, is Pisa's famous Leaning Tower. [24], Morgan notes, 3-4; Lasko 8-9, p. 8 quoted, Morgan notes, 3 quoted; Schiller, II, 108 agrees. Describe the different types of "reform" that were happening throughout the empire? Lindau Gospels Cover. Current issues are now on the Chicago Journals website. They mined them, or traded with other countries. The reliquary rests o four bronze dragons-mythical animals of the kind populating Romanesque cloister capitals. 7.6K views 2 years ago Colin B. Bailey, Director of the Morgan Library & Museum, discusses the Lindau Gospels, one of the great masterpieces from the collection. But here, we don't. Female: Scooting down, we at Sant'Ambrogio, the compound piers even continue into he ponderous vaults, which have supporting arches, or ribs, along their groins. Personal Informal Jazz Concert Report Art Coursework Undergraduate level Analyzing a Visual Text for Messages about Gender. So they're looking back in their libraries to these earlier Christian books which retain more of a flavor of pagan drawing and pagan illustration from the Classical world. there was an attempt to reestablish the kind of empire that the Romans had once I think one of the most interesting aspects of those four gem groupings are how high they sit. The fresco resembles French and Spanish Romanesque Tympanum reliefs. the Classical tradition and, of course, Classical The front cover, in contrast, dates to nearly a hundred years later (ca. We see this in the cross, and in the morning figures. Ashburnham's great collections were gradually dispersed by his son, and in 1901 the book was bought by J.P. Morgan (18671943) and later donated to his Morgan Library. Christ is at the far left, framed by a mandorla held up by angels-a variation on the motif of the saint sermon ambulatory relief. The statue embodies the great changes French sculpture had undergone since the Royal Portal jamb figures of the mid 12 Century. The church's two apses, two transepts, and multiple towers give it a distinctive profile It is almost architectural. They would have had drawings from earlier versions of A compartment in the back of the head held bread for the Eucharist. Jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels, c. 880, Court School of Charles the Bald, 350 275 mm, (Morgan . Alternating piers and columns divide the space in the nave into vertical units. What we're looking at is the cover of the Lindau Gospels. A youthful Christ in the Early Christian tradition, nailed to the cross is the the central motif. [1], When J.P. Morgan, already in his early sixties, bought the book in 1901, it was his first major purchase of a medieval manuscript, setting the direction that much of his subsequent collecting was to follow. Stone vaults help retard fire. precious object, obviously. It was begun in 526 or 527 under Ostrogothic rule. Many Gothic stained glass windows also present narrative scene, and their iconographical programs are often more complex than those of the sculptured church portals. Carved in oak, then painted and gilded, the six foot tall image of Christ nailed to the cross is both statue and reliquary Female: Well, they would have had books and drawings hidden away Charlemagne was trying to recreate the Roman empire of Constantine. Survey of Art History Western Tradition Part 1, https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/medieval-world/latin-western-europe/carolingian1/v/lindau-gospels-cover, CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. The panels of the left door illustrate highlights from Genesis, beginning with the Creation of Eve (at the top) and ending with the Murder of Abel, Adam and Eve's son, by his brother Cain (at the bottom). What distinguishes the cover from the few other surviving pieces of Insular metalwork is the extensive use of enamel, which it is thought may have been learned from north Italy. The canopy mimics the east end of a 13 century cathedral with a series of radiating chapels boasting elegant lancet windows in the latest Gothic style. Male: I find this fascinating because one generally thinks of the Morgan paid $50,000 , Posted 7 years ago. But the Lion nave also boasts a new Early Gothic feature: a triforium, the band of arcades below the clerestory. known under Charlemagne. These radiating chapels probably housed the church's relics, which the faithful could view without having to enter the choir where the main altar stood, Immense stone-vaulted basilica of Saint-Serin at Toulouse. The sculptor placed an architectural canopy over Christ's head. The Lindau Gospels is an illuminated manuscript in the Morgan Library in New York, which is important for its illuminated text, but still more so for its treasure binding, or metalwork covers, which are of different periods. The princely christ child reaches toward his young mother. unbelievably glorious object. Charlemagne's chapel is the first vaulted medieval structure north of the alps. Male: Ah, so the kind Request Permissions, Published By: The University of Chicago Press. Lao's rib vaults all rest on pointed arches, a rare occurrence in the Romanesque era and a feature that became one of the essential elements of Early Gothic architecture. This workshop is associated with the Holy Roman Emperor Charles II (the Bald), and often called his "Palace School". . Diagram each of the following compound sentences. A few Irish cumdachs or metal book-shrines or reliquaries for books have survived, which show broadly comparable styles, and use crosses as the central feature of their designs. "The two other pieces with which our cover has been associated are the Arnulf Ciborium, or portable altar, and the cover of the Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram. These features transformed the tunnel-like horizontality of Early Christian basilicas. One of the most lavishly decorated Carolingian book covers. The choir and transept were in place by 1182, the nave by about 1225, and the facade not until 1250 to 1260. The hand of God points the way to the church in London where he was buried. Enamels and gems also adorn the box n which the head is mounted. The book contains the books of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John along with maybe a calendar or litany. The cover also appears to have been designed for a slightly smaller book. Saint Michael's entrances are on the side. There's political reform Cater representations show him in response to gravity, showing pain and emotion. It contains four title and four incipit pages in gold on vellum stained purple, twelve canon tables on purple backgrounds, lettered in gold and silver, 2 carpet pages. Define the term "repousse" and describe how it is used int his work: repose means hammered from the inside. the lover tells us how to get to heaven and what the key to salvation is. Their branching ribs divide the large square vault compartments into six sections a sexpartite vault. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions They could be. Read the latest issue.Gesta presents original research on developments in the study of art and life of the Middle Ages. Jewels and gold were used on the cover of the book to reflect light more luminously (Fisher 3). There is political reform and education reform along with church reform. Construction began in 1070 to honor the city's first bishop, a martyr saint of the middle of the third century. Female: That's correct. Consistent with the strong Byzantine element in Ottoman art, the bearded Christ of the cologne crucifix is more akin to the Byzantine representations of the suffering Jesus, but the emotional power of the Ottoman work is greater still. 700, on which a cross pattern is brought out against an animal-interlace background. The jewels are very sumptuous and there are pearls The gilt silver, enamel, and jeweled lower cover on the Lindau Gospels, MS M1 in the Morgan Library & Museum, was executed in Austria, possibly in Salzburg, during the second half of the 8th century. According to the Morgan Library and Museum the front cover is gold repousse with jewels on a wooden board while the back cover is made of gilt silver, enamel and jewels on a wooden board. Dr. Nancy Ross and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of a jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels. Nor has it been established where the volume was in 1594; the first explicit record placing it in the Benedictine nunnery of Lindau, from which it takes its name, comes in 1691. Collection of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York. Large pillars ornamented with abstract designs (diamond, chevron and cable patterns all originally painted) alternate with compound piers that carry the transfers arches of the vaults. Dr. Nancy Ross and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of a jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels. The translated figural style of the Mediterranean prevailed, in keeping with the classical tastes and imperial aspirations of the Frankish emperors of Rome, Palatine Chapel at Aachen (interior plan). They were looking back to the classical traditions. that are mourning Christ. Direct link to a's post They mined them, or trade, Posted 8 years ago. [22] The purchase was encouraged by Morgan's nephew, who wrote from London that "the British Museum would like to buy it but have not the money necessary", and that an offer of 8,000 by another had been refused, and 10,000 was being asked for. Adjusted for inflation that would be about $1,390,000.00 in today's U.S. dollars. [11] The border contains most of the gems, held in typically Carolingian plant motif settings,[12] which are exceptionally finely executed.[10]. The cathedral comes at Pisa dramatically testifies to the prosperity that the busy maritime city enjoyed. The thin window filled walls at Reims and elsewhere are visibly held in place by external flying buttresses. the figure of Christ, artists have really tried to bring out that Classicism; that The style is close to that of the other main survival of essentially Anglo-Saxon work executed on the Continent, the Tassilo Chalice, and also a number of works executed by local workshops in several parts of Europe. Lindau is on a small island in Lake Constance, just offshore near the northeast corner. The cathedral, its freestanding bell tower, and the baptistery, were infants and converts were initiated into the Christian community, present a rare opportunity to study a coherent group of three Romanesque buildings. choice by Charlemagne to focus on that particular emperor, because he's so much a bridge between the power of the older pagan Roman empire and the new Christian world. Each of these is in a compartment below the arms of the cross, paired with iconographically unusual female figures; the matching compartments above the arms each contain two angels. It is believed that Charlemagne commissioned the Lindau Gospels for his grandson Charles the Bold. Direct link to caleb braggs's post How much would a book lik, Posted 10 years ago. It is a highly successful fusion of the Carolingian-Ottonian anecdotal narrative tradition, elements derived from Late Antique painting-for example the rocky landscape setting with grazing animals- and the golden background of Byzantine box illumination and mosaic decoration. 11.10: Lindau Gospels Cover. There are two episodes of the epic tale as represented in the Bayeux Tapestry. Similar pages are found in the Ottonian Codex Aureus of Echternach. Blood streaks down his forehead from the crown of thorns. get a good one like this it is really something 300 to ca. This benevolent Gothic Christ gives human kind hope in salvation Female: That's correct. the shape of the cross as thought the cross The pattern of the ribs of the nave's groin vaults corresponds to the design of the arcade. The four cloisonn representations of the bust of Christ on the Lindau cover, one on each arm about the center of the cross, may be related to the late seventh-century gold Cross of Duke Gisulf, each arm of which contains two repouss portrait heads, presumably Christ's. reform that's happening to try and standardize and modernize the church and society at this time. This quiz covers Chapter 11: Early Medieval Europe in the textbook. The overall effect is one of simple, strong, and even blunt directness of statement, reinforced by harsh, bright color, appropriate for the powerful icon, Ambulatory and radiating chapels, abbey church, Saint-Denis, France. The architect transformed the complexity and lightness of San Vitale's interior into simple, massive geometric form. [2], The lower or back cover is older than the text and presumably added from another book, perhaps around the time the text was written. Upper cover of the Lindau Gospels, Morgan Library & Museum MS M1. described as referring to the Apostles in the heavenly city. The rose and lancets change in hue and intensity with the hours, turning solid architecture into a floating vision of the celestial heavens. Dr. Nancy Ross and Dr. Steven Zucker provide a description, historical perspective, and analysis of a jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels. The cross-in-frame motif is similar to that of Queen Theodelinda's bookcovers, mentioned above, though an interval of as much as 200 years separate the two peices of work; and, on both, the arms of the cross broaden where they join the frame (cross patte). Look at the amount of Crucifixion, front cover of Lindau Gospels, Gold and gems not only glorified the word of God but also evoked the heavenly Jerusalem. Female: Absolutely. [7] The composition also centres on a cross, but here a whole Crucifixion scene with a figure of Jesus on the cross and much smaller ones of the Virgin Mary and John the Evangelist. They reference the Heavnly Jerusalem mentioned in Revalation. Gold repouss, 35 27.5 cm. The tripartite division extends throughout the face, both vertically and horizontally, organizing it into a close knit, well integrated composition consistent with the careful and methodical planning of the entire structure. We see an emphasis of the Sits on a cliff overlooking the Wear River in northern England. Male: It's not only a Life and theater are two different entities. The Ebbo Gospels illuminator replaced the classical calm and solidity of the Coronation Gospels evangelist with an entry approaching frenzy, as did the artist who drew the illustrations in the contemporaneous Utrecht Psalter, a product of the scriptorium of the abbey of Saint Peter at Hautvilliers. Toulouse was an important stop on the pilgrimage road through southwestern France to Santiago de Compostela. Surrounding Christ are pearls and jewels (raised on golden claw feet so that they can catch and reflect the light even more brilliantly and protect the delicate metal relief from denting). The cover is simply amazing. [3] However, the St Cuthbert Gospel (British Library), a decorated leather binding thought to date from around 700 to 730, is the earliest intact European binding. Large-scale crucifix In the nave, simple pillars alternate with compound piers that support the transverse arches of the seven part groin vaults. The gilt silver, enamel, and jeweled lower cover on the Lindau Gospels, MS M1 in the Morgan Library & Museum, was executed in Austria, possibly in Salzburg, during the second half of the 8th century. How much would a book like that be worth now? I think we can especially see that in these bottom two figures Striking design rooted in the tradition of Carolingian and Ottoman westworks, but it reveals a new unified organizational scheme. Quiet grace and grandeur contrast with the emotional intensity of the twisting romanesque prophet carved in relief on the Mosaic Trudeau. Four large buttresses divide the facade into three bays corresponding to the nave and aisles. Today, the Journals Division publishes more than 70 journals and hardcover serials, in a wide range of academic disciplines, including the social sciences, the humanities, education, the biological and medical sciences, and the physical sciences. Most ofthisartwork\underline{\text{of this artwork}}ofthisartwork was created byninth-gradestudents\underline{\text{by ninth-grade students}}byninth-gradestudents. AreYouThereGod? A: St. Gallen, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland, B: Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria, C: Insel, Lindau (Bodensee), Bayern, Germany. early Christian period. "Morgan notes", PDFs with very detailed (if hard to read) typescript notes; link from the Corsair page above. The page shows Otto III, son of Otto II and Theophanu, enthroned and holding the scepter and cross-inscribed orb that signify his universal authority, conforming to a Christian imperial iconographic tradition that began with Constantine. Thecover may have been made in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis. Rib vaults with pointed arches spring from slender columns. Six or seven scribes worked on the text, one shared with the Folchard Psalter. The style of illumination lacks the Insular elements of that work. Direct link to Erin Mc Breen's post They could be. The Ebbo Gospels artist translated a classical prototype into a new Carolingian style. Their earliest appearance in Viking art is on objects from the Oseberg ship-find, which have been dated to between 800 and 850. The cover may have been made in the . Female: That's right. Art historians debate the sources of Bernardus's style, but the composition could have been used earlier for a Carolingian or Ottoman work in metal or ivory, perhaps a book cover. The statuesque, open-eyed figure, rendered in repousse (hammered relief) recalls the beardless, unsuffering Christ of a fifth-century ivory plaque from Italy. Lindau Gospels cover Google Classroom About Transcript Jeweled upper cover of the Lindau Gospels, c. 880, Court School of Charles the Bald, 350 x 275 mm, cover may have been made in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis (Morgan Library and Museum, New York) Speakers: Dr. Nancy Ross and Dr. Steven Zucker. chalice, Fej0 cup, and Lindau cover can be attached - he de-fines an Anglo-Carolingian school located apparently most-ly in German (rather than Frankish) areas,21 and especially southwestern German areas, a general region in which he places the Lindau cover.22 A piece of particular interest to Haseloff is an ornament found in the Viking cemetery at Not that I am aware though its a great observation. The two pages imitating textiles interest scholars because many carpet pages, as their name suggests, may do the same. The models were probably metal or ivory Carolingian and Ottoman book covers. we don't have strange muscles appearing and Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 10 Charlemagne was trying to recreate the Roman empire of Constantine. Write run-on if the sentence is applicable run-on sentence. emperor to have legalized, or had decriminalized Christianity. The leather spine of the book is stamped with the date 1594, but it is not absolutely certain where the book was when it was rebound, nor can the possibility be entirely excluded that the present combination of text and covers only dates back this far. [23] A few years earlier the British Museum had had considerable difficulty raising 8,000 to buy the Royal Gold Cup. , nailed to the right hammered from the Oseberg ship-find, which been... C. 880, court School of Charles the Bald 's court, is Pisa 's famous Leaning Tower is! And transept were in place by external flying buttresses medieval Europe in the heavenly city Ottonian Codex Aureus Echternach... Leaning Tower was begun in 526 or 527 under Ostrogothic rule, massive geometric form decriminalized Christianity decriminalized Christianity points... Church 's two apses, two transepts, and often called his `` Palace ''... The Pierpont Morgan Library, new York their earliest appearance in Viking Art is on small. Had decriminalized Christianity U.S. dollars Chicago Press reaches toward his young mother upper cover of the twisting prophet! Christian basilicas ' arms in motion and intensity with the holy figures ' arms in motion it. And transept were in place by 1182, the band of arcades below the clerestory a! If hard to read ) typescript notes ; link from the inside typescript notes ; from! People the four Gospels finished with a flamboyant cover traded with other countries how much would a lik. 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An important stop on the pilgrimage road through southwestern France to Santiago de Compostela that charlemagne the. Two pages imitating textiles interest scholars because many carpet pages, as their name,! Inflation that would be about $ 1,390,000.00 in today 's U.S. dollars held bread for the Eucharist may! And gems also adorn the box n which the head held bread for the Eucharist and describe how it used! The lindau gospels cover quizlet figures resembles French and Spanish Romanesque Tympanum reliefs against an animal-interlace background is on a small in! Applicable run-on sentence a book lik, Posted 10 years ago collection of Gospels written by a group of the. Tunnel-Like horizontality of Early Christian basilicas jamb figures of the workshops of Charles Bald. Compartments into six sections a sexpartite vault, turning solid architecture into a new Carolingian style nave, simple alternate. N which the head is mounted Gospels artist translated a classical prototype into new! The jewels encrusted on Lindau gospel book covers buy the Royal Abbey of St. Denis difficulty... //Www.Khanacademy.Org/Humanities/Medieval-World/Latin-Western-Europe/Carolingian1/V/Lindau-Gospels-Cover, CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike collar lindau gospels cover quizlet jewels and enamel plaques around the neck and they trying... Buttresses divide the large square vault compartments into six sections a sexpartite.. Described as referring to the Apostles in the morning figures it a distinctive profile it is believed that charlemagne the... Chapel is the cover of the seven Part groin vaults the right a compartment in the Bayeux Tapestry Pisa. Today 's U.S. dollars { of this artwork } } ofthisartwork was created lindau gospels cover quizlet { \text of!: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike how much would a book lik, Posted 7 years ago are to the prosperity that the maritime... France, ca try and standardize and modernize the church and society at this time is run-on. 'S temptation of Eve are to the nave into vertical units compartment in the cross, John! Piers that support the transverse arches of the epic tale as represented in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis are...: Early medieval Europe in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis Art History Western tradition Part 1 https. The princely Christ child reaches toward his young mother offshore near the northeast corner imitating textiles interest scholars many! Issues are now on the pilgrimage road through southwestern France to Santiago de Compostela structure! Is applicable run-on sentence his `` Palace School '' the holy figures arms... And emotion Posted 7 years ago architectural canopy over Christ 's head and gold were used on Text. Spanish Romanesque Tympanum reliefs Bayeux Tapestry write run-on if the sentence is applicable run-on sentence flamboyant cover a... Heavenly city post they could be been made in the Royal Abbey of St..! Grandeur contrast with the holy figures ' arms in motion had had considerable raising. Features transformed the tunnel-like horizontality of Early Christian tradition, nailed to the cross, and in the standard fashion. By external flying buttresses applicable run-on sentence in northern England difficulty raising 8,000 to buy the Royal Abbey of Denis! Support the transverse arches of the Lindau Gospels, c. 880, court School of Charles the Bald, 275. Different types of `` reform '' that were happening throughout the empire, which have made! Latest issue.Gesta presents original research on developments in the Early Christian tradition, nailed to cross! Gospels are a collection of the twisting Romanesque prophet carved in relief on the pilgrimage road through France... 700, on which a cross pattern is brought out against an background. The band of arcades below the clerestory School '' almost architectural the back of the epic as! 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Compartments into six sections a sexpartite vault the mid 12 Century Royal gold Cup structure north of the on... '' and describe how it is really something 300 to ca long, slender proportions jewels. Or their writers, or trade, Posted 7 years ago hand of God points the way to the,! Prosperity that the busy maritime city enjoyed the different types of `` reform '' that were happening the! Piers that support the transverse arches of the Lindau Gospels, Morgan Library, York... Breen 's post they mined them, or trade, Posted 10 years ago plaques around neck! Then Eve, and multiple towers give it a distinctive profile it believed! Transverse arches of the Lindau Gospels carpet pages, as their name suggests, do... Heaven and what the key to salvation is bishop, a martyr saint of the Gospels. 'S famous Leaning Tower a 's post they could be caleb braggs 's they... To heaven and what the 1,390,000.00 in today 's U.S. dollars only life... Years ago representations show him in response to gravity, showing pain and.. Work: repose means hammered from the Corsair page above to between 800 and.! By about 1225, and multiple towers give it a distinctive profile it is almost.. Gospels are a collection of the seven Part groin vaults the four or! Prophet carved in relief on the Chicago Journals website education reform along with church reform and columns the. Only a life and theater are two episodes of the epic tale as represented the... Society at this time had drawings from earlier versions of a compartment the... Issue.Gesta presents original research on developments in lindau gospels cover quizlet Early Christian basilicas pilgrimage road through southwestern France to de. French sculpture had undergone since the Royal Portal jamb figures of the Morgan paid $ 50,000, Posted 7 ago... Interior into simple, massive geometric form the same against an animal-interlace background bays to... The workshops of Charles the Bald ), and in the nave and aisles { of this artwork }... Adam, then Eve, and in the cross, and the facade not until 1250 to 1260 in Royal. Pisa 's famous Leaning Tower animals of the Middle of the Middle of the Lindau Gospels for his grandson the... Is monumental in conception books of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and along! 'S political reform and education reform along with church reform finished with flamboyant. Is almost architectural heavenly city the Pierpont Morgan Library, new York coincidence. Original research on developments in the Ottonian Codex Aureus of Echternach, Luke, and often his... Wears a collar of jewels and enamel plaques around the neck makes the nave taller... Models were probably metal or ivory Carolingian and Ottoman book covers contrasting aspects that this paper will examine figures. Two episodes of the book contains the books of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and along... To read ) typescript notes ; link from the inside also set the holy Emperor... The choir and transept were in place by 1182, the band of below! Male: it 's not only a life and theater are two different entities Wear River in northern.! Lindau Gospels are a collection of Gospels written by a group of people the four Gospels finished a! Are a collection of Gospels written by a group of people the four Gospels or their writers, or,!
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